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Orange

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I、Basic information and overview

Chinese literary name: Ju Zi (Orange)

Latin name: Citrus reticulata 

Nickname: Orange, tangerine

Location: the region of South latitude 35°, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, South of the Yangtze River, Hubei, Fujian, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Hunan and Sichuan

Plant information: 

"source": the fruit of Citrus reticulata rutaceae citrus. It is varieties. 

"Alias": citrus, wide leather Orange, Mandarin orange, Huang Ju, red-orange, red robe, red Tangerine. 

"Taste": flat, sweet, acid. 

"Function": help produce saliva and slake thirst, moisten lungs and compose stomach

"Orange peel" smell can be sober-minded, and use for medicine. 

Ju ZI(Orange) and Gan Zi together are called Orange(citrus, tangerine), colorful, sweet and sour, it is one of the most common fruits in people's lives. Orange peel is color of orange, grainy flesh, thin peel package. Orange has thin peel and rich flesh, its juice is sweet and sour and delicious.

Orange trees are evergreen small trees, approximately 3M high. It is white flowers, fragrant, solitary or in clusters in leaf axils, flowering time in May. Its fruit is oblate, diameter 5~7cm, orange-red and orange color, easy to rind peel, empty fruit center, ripe during Oct. to Dec. It likes sunshine, slightly to bear side shady, to grow leaves and flowers only if insufficient light, likes airy, warm weather, not resist cold with temperature not below than-9℃, but cold resistant than  Grapefruit, sweet Orange. It suitable to grow in loose, fertile, humus-rich, well-drained sandy loam soil, avoiding stagnant water, roots of mycorrhizal symbiosis. Trim resistance, annual shoot.


II、Geographical distribution

The county of origin is China, mainly at the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and South of the Yangtze River. The Arabs spread orange throughout Eurasia continent, oranges are also known as "Chinese Apple" in the Netherlands and Germany so far. China orange is rich in resources, excellent variety, there are more than 4,000 years of history.

Orange in the world is mainly distributed in the south of latitude 35° area.  There are 135 countries of the world to produce orange, ranks first class in the fruits, the first output is Brazil, second is United States, China is third with 10.78 million tons, and then followed by Mexico, and Spain, and Iran, and India, and Italy and other countries. 

Orange distribution in China between north latitude 16 ° ~37 °, up to 2600 m above sea level (Batang, Sichuan), South of Sanya city, Hainan Province, and North to Shaanxi, Gansu, Henan, from Taiwan Province in the East, West to the Brahmaputra Valley in Tibet. Orange cultivation areas in China are mainly concentrated at a latitude of 20° ~33°, 700~1000 meters above sea level. There are 19 provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions) including Taiwan for national production area. Among of them, Quzhou, Zhejiang, Fujian, Hunan, Sichuan, Hubei, Guangdong, Guangxi, Jiangxi, Chongqing and Taiwan are main 10 provinces (cities, districts), followed by Shanghai, Guizhou, Yunnan, Jiangsu and other provinces (municipalities). Shaanxi, Henan, Hainan, Anhui and Gansu provinces also have grown orange.

Our Hanzhong local orange is famous with its unique flavor, the products not only meet the domestic market, but also exported to Japan, Korea, and other places in Central Asia.


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